What is a graphics card?

Graphics Card | welcome2protec

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Graphics Card:

A graphics card, also called a video card or a display card. It is a piece of computer hardware which produces the image you see on your monitor. The Graphics Card is responsible for rendering an image to your monitor, and it does this by converting data into a signal your monitor can understand. The better your graphics card the better and smoother an image can be produced.

There are two types of graphics card:

1. Integrated: Integrated graphics is a GPU (Graphics processing unit) built into the processor. Integrated graphics card doesn't use a separate memory foe graphics or video. Instead, the GPU uses system's main memory (i.e. RAM) that is shared with the CPU. Since integrated graphics is built into the processor, it typically uses less power and as a result creates less heat, which can result in a longer battery life.


2. Dedicated: Dedicated graphics is a GPU (Graphics processing unit) that is separate from the processor. Dedicated graphics has dedicated has a separate set of chips and their own video memory (VRAM) that is not shared with the CPU. Since dedicated graphics separate from the CPU it consume more power and generates significant amount of heat. Since dedicated graphics has it's own GPU (Graphics processing unit), memory, and power source, it provides higher performance than integrated graphics.

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Components of Graphics Card:

The modern PC's graphics card consists the following major components:

1. Graphics processing Unit (GPU)
2. Video RAM (VRAM)
3. Digital-to-analogue converter (RAMDAC)
4. DVI, HDMI and VGA Ports
5. Heat Sink and GPU Fan
6. Power Connectors
7. Internal Interface

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Graphics processing Unit (GPU):

The graphics card is the hardware as a whole, while the GPU is a programmable chip installed on the graphics card (also known as graphics processor), to process an image a lot of mathematical and geometrical calculations are required, and a GPU is a specialized programmable chip which is designed to perform graphics operation and display output on the screen. In other words you can say, GPU is a graphics processor which perform the graphics operation.

GPU (Graphical processing unit)

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Video RAM (VRAM):

Video RAM (VRAM) this is the memory chip installed on the graphics card (See the above diagram) used to store image data that the computer displays, it acts as a buffer between the CPU and the video card until the worke is finished and when a picture is to be displayed.

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RAMDAC:

RAMDC stands for "Random Access Memory Digital-to-Analogue Converter." A RAMDAC microchip is built into the video adapter in a computer. It combines a small static RAM (SRAM) containing a color table with three digital-to-analog converters (DAC) that change digital image data into analog signals that are sent to the display's color generators, one for each primary color - red, green, and blue. See the below diagram how the digital signal to Analog signals are converted.

RAMDAC (Digital signal to Analog converter)

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GPU's FAN and Heat Shink

GPU FAN - a fan on top of a computer processor. It helps pull and blow hot air off the processor, helping keep it cooler.

Heatsink - is a piece of metal that sits on top of a computer chip such as a CPU and draws power away from components by letting it rise through a set of fins. By themselves, A heatsink needs to make strong contact with the source of heat in order to maximize cooling.

GPU's Heat Sink and FAN

More on this to be updated soon...

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Protec Computer Dictionary

Are you finding the computer general knowledge questions for competitive exams? Here I am sharing computer general knowledge quiz questions and answers covering important topics in computer awareness, which is common for all the competitive exams.

These are the selective and important questions of the computer. You can increase your knowledge by learning these computer questions which help you while solving computer questions in SSC, Bank exams and many other competitive exams.

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Computer Dictionary | welcome2protec

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• Graphics Card - A graphics card, also called a video card or a display card, It's the piece of computer hardware which produces the image you see on your monitor. The Graphics Card is responsible for rendering an image to your monitor, and it does this by converting Graphics data into a Analog signal your monitor can understand. The better your graphics card the better and smoother an image can be produced. Read more

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• LAN Card - LAN (Local area network) is a computer hardware device that connects a computer or other network devices (like printer, Computers and many others devices) to a computer network. It is also known as a network interface card (NIC), network adapter card, LAN adapter or physical network interface, and by similar terms)

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• Sound Card - A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs.

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• TV tuner card - A TV tuner card is a kind of television tuner that allows television signals to be received by a computer. Most TV tuners also function as video capture cards, allowing them to record television programs onto a hard disk much like the digital video recorder (DVR) does.

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• HDD (Hard Disk Drive) - A hard disk drive is a data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve data using platters.
  
  

  A hard disk drive has the capability to store data in large quantities categorized as Giga Bytes and Tera Bytes. Hard Disk Drive can be accessed both internally and externally. Internal hard disk drives are the ones that come installed on your computer itself. External hard disk drives are the one that can be plugged and play meaning that you do not need to install but attach it your computer’s USB port.

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• SSD (Solid State Drive) - A solid state drive (SSD) is a newer, faster type of device that stores data on instantly-accessible memory chips. SSDs use flash-based memory, which is much faster than a Hard disk drive.(HDD). HDDs can access this data at speeds of 0.1 to 1.7 MB/s, while an SSD can offer speeds of 50 to 250 MB/s for these “4K read/write” operations.
  

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• Primary Memory (RAM): Primary memory, also known as the main memory or Random access memory (RAM), is the area in a computer which stores data and information for fast access.
  
  Semiconductor chips are the principle technology used for primary memory. It’s a memory which is used to store frequently used programs which can be directly accessed by the central processing unit (CPU) for further processing. It’s a volatile memory meaning the data is stored temporarily and is liable to change or lose in case of power failure.
  
  In simple terms, data is intact as long as the computer is running and the moment it’s off, data is lost. Every application on the computer first loads into the random access memory (RAM) which makes is faster to access. The term is more ambiguous, since it also refers to internal memory such as internal storage devices.

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• Secondary Memory: Secondary Memory is the external memory of the computer which can be used to store data and information permanently. Secondary memory refers to all external storage devices that are capable of storing high volumes of data such as hard drives, floppy disks, magnetic tapes, USB flash drives, CDs, DVDs, etc. It’s generally slower than primary memory but can store substantial amount of data, in the range of gigabytes to terabytes.
  
  It’s a non-volatile memory which means data stays intact even if the computer is turned off. Data cannot be directly processed by the processing unit in secondary memory; in fact, it is first transferred into the main memory and then it’s transferred back to the processing unit.

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HTML MCQ Quiz | Set-2

Are you finding the computer general knowledge questions for competitive exams? Here I am sharing computer general knowledge quiz questions and answers covering important topics in computer awareness, which is common for all the competitive exams.

These are the selective and important questions of the computer. You can increase your knowledge by learning these computer questions which help you while solving computer questions in SSC, Bank exams and many other competitive exams.

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HTML MCQ Quiz | welcome2protec

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1) How can you open a link in a new tab/browser window ____________?

A) <a href="url" target="_blank">
B) <a href="url" target="new">
C) <a href="new">
D) Both A) & B)

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Answer is A) <a href="url" target="_blank">

If you set the target attribute to "​_blank", the link will open in a new browser window or a new tab.

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2) Which of the following elements are all <table> elements ______?

A) <table><head><tfoot>
B) <table><tr><ttt>
C) <table><tr><td>
D) <thead><body><tr>

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Answer is C) <table><tr><td>

The <tr> element defines a table row, the <th> element defines a table header, and the <td> element defines a table cell. An HTML table may also include <caption>, <colgroup>, <thead>, <tfoot>, and <tbody> elements.

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3) What is the correct HTML for making a check box _______?

A) <check>
B) <input type="check">
C) <input type="checkbox">
D) <checkbox>

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Answer is C) <input type="checkbox">

The <input type="checkbox"> defines a checkbox. The checkbox is shown as a square box that is ticked (checked) when activated. Checkboxes are used to let a user select one or more options of a limited number of choices. Tip: Always add the <label> tag for best accessibility practices!

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4) What is the correct HTML for making a drop down list ____________?

A) <select>
B) <list>
C) <input type="list">
D) <input type="dropdown">

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Answer is A) <select>

The <select> element is used to create a drop-down list.

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5) What is the HTML for inserting an image ______?

A) <imgage src="image.png" alt="welcome2protec" title="Myimage">
B) <img href="image.png" alt="welcome2protec" title="Myimage">
C) <img alt="image.png"><img>
D) <img src="image.png" alt="welcome2protec" title="Myimage">

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Answer is D) <img src="image.png" alt="welcome2protec" title="Myimage">

The <img> tag defines an image in an HTML page. The <img> tag has two required attributes: src (web address of the image) and alt (alternatine text which is...

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6) What is the correct HTML for making a text area _______?

A) <textarea>
B) <input type="textarea">
C) <input type="textbox">
D) Both B) & C)

...

Answer is A) <textarea>

The <textarea> element is often used in a form, to collect user inputs like comments or reviews. A text area can hold an unlimited number of characters, and the text renders in a fixed-width font (usually Courier). The size of a text area is specified by the <cols> and <rows> attributes (or with CSS).

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7) What is the correct HTML element for making a text input ______?

A) <input type="textfield">
B) <input type="text">
C) <textinput type="text">
D) <textfield>

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Answer is B) <input type="text">

The <input type="text"> defines a single-line text field. The default width of the text field is 20 characters.

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8) How can you make a bullet list ________?

A) <ul>
B) <li>
C) <ol>
D) <list>

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Answer is A) <ul>

The <ul> tag defines an unordered (bulleted) list. Use the <ul> tag together with the <li> tag to create unordered lists. Tip: Use CSS to style lists. Tip: For ordered lists, use the <ol> tag.

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9) Inline elements are normally displayed without starting a new line _____

A) True
B) False

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Answer is A) True

There are two display values: block and inline. A block-level element always starts on a new line and takes up the full width available. An inline element does not start on a new line and it only takes up as much width as necessary.

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10) How can you make a numbred list ________?

A) <ul>
B) <ol>
C) <list>
D) <li>

...

Answer is B) <ol>

An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. The list items will be marked with numbers by default.

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HTML MCQ Quiz | Set-1

Are you finding the computer general knowledge questions for competitive exams? Here I am sharing computer general knowledge quiz questions and answers covering important topics in computer awareness, which is common for all the competitive exams.

These are the selective and important questions of the computer. You can increase your knowledge by learning these computer questions which help you while solving computer questions in SSC, Bank exams and many other competitive exams.

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HTML MCQ Quiz | welcome2protec

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1) What does HTML stands for ____________?

A) Home Tool Markup Language
B) Hyperlink and Text Markup Language
C) Hyper Text Markup Language
D) Hyper Tutorial Markup Language

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Answer is C) Hyper Text Markup Language

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the code that is used to structure a web page and its content. For example, content could be structured within a set of paragraphs, a list of bulleted points, or using images and data tables.

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2) Which of the following element is for the largest heading ______?

A) <head>
B) <h6>
C) <strong>
D) <h1>

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Answer is D) <h1>

The HTML <h1> to <h6> tag is used to define headings in an HTML document. <h1> defines largest heading and <h6> defines smallest.

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3) What is the correct HTML for adding a background color _______?

A) <background>white</background>
B) <body style="background-color: #fff;"> </body>
C) <body style="bg: white;"></body>
D) None of these

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Answer is B) <body style="background-color: #fff;"> </body>

To set the background color in HTML, use the style attribute. The style attribute specifies an inline style for an element. The attribute is used with the HTML <body> tag, with the CSS property background-color. HTML5 do not support the <body> tag bgcolor attribute, so the CSS style is used to add background color.

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4) Which of the following is the correct HTML element to define important text ____________?

A) <i>
B) <b>
C) <important>
D) <strong>

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Answer is D) <strong>

<strong> is the correct HTML element to define important text. The HTML <strong> tag gives text a strong emphasis which traditionally means that the text is displayed as bold text or important text by the browser.

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5) What is the href stands for in HTML ______?

A) HyperText REErence
B) HyperLink REErence
C) HotlinkText REErence
D) None of these

...

Answer is A) HyperText REErence

(Hypertext REFerence) The HTML code used to create a link to another page. The HREF is an attribute of the anchor tag, which is also used to identify sections within a document. This attribute defines the target address of the document, which this time is linked to (https://www.google.com). The “=” sign is the connection of the attribute with the attribute value, whereby “href” is the attribute and “ https://www.welcome2protec.com ” is the attribute value.

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6) Which character is used to indicate an end tag _______?

A) }
B) *
C) /
D) <

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Answer is C) /

/ slash character (Known as farword slash) is used to indicate an end tag. An opening tag begins a section of page content, and a closing tag ends it. For example, to markup a section of text as a paragraph, you would open the paragraph with an opening paragraph tag <p> and close it with a closing paragraph tag </p> (closing tags always proceed the element with a /).

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7) What is the correct HTML element for creating a hyperlink ______?

A) <a>http://welcome2protec.com</a>
B) <a url="http://welcome2protec.com">Protec</a>
C) <a href="http://welcome2protec.com">Protec</a>
D) <a name="http://welcome2protec.com"></a>

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Answer is C) <a href="http://welcome2protec.com">Protec</a>

To make a hyperlink in an HTML page, use the <a> and </a> tags, which are the tags used to define the links. The <a> tag indicates where the hyperlink starts and the </a> tag indicates where it ends. Whatever text gets added inside these tags, will work as a hyperlink.

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8) What is the correct HTML element to define emphasized text _________?

A) <em>
B) <i>
C) <strong>
D) <italic>

...

Answer is A) <em>

The <em> tag is used to define emphasized text. The content inside is typically displayed in italic.

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9) What is the correct HTML element for inserting line break _________?

A) <lb>
B) <break>
C) <hr />
D) <br />

...

Answer is D) <br />

The <br > HTML element produces a line break in text (carriage-return). It is useful for writing a poem or an address, where the division of lines is significant.

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10) Who is making the Web standards ________?

A) Google
B) Microsoft
C) The World Wide Web Consortium
D) Non of these

...

Answer is C) The World Wide Web Consortium

The central organization who is responsible for creating and maintaining web standards is the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

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Windows Run Commands

Are you finding the computer general knowledge questions for competitive exams? Here I am sharing computer general knowledge quiz questions and answers covering important topics in computer awareness, which is common for all the competitive exams.

These are the selective and important questions of the computer. You can increase your knowledge by learning these computer questions which help you while solving computer questions in SSC, Bank exams and many other competitive exams.

Learning Zone About us

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Windows Run Commands |welcome2protec

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Windows run commands:

Using Run commands in Windows is a very efficient way to access different Windows settings and apps directly. If you memorize Run commands, you can access a particular app in just 2 steps instead of many clicks.

To access RUN, press the shortcut keys Windows key + X . In the menu, select the Run option. You can also press the shortcut keys Windows key + R to open the Run box.

     

      
Run Command
 
      
Description
     
     

       
cmd
       
Used to open command prompt.
     
 
     

       
notepad
       
Used to open a blank notepad.
     
     

       
winword
       
Used to open Microsoft Word.
     
 
     

       
excel
       
Used to open a new excel sheet.
     
     

       
powerpnt
       
Used to open MS-PowerPoint.
     
     

       
msaccess
       
Used to open MS-Access.
     
     

       
onenote.exe
       
Used to open one note (NoteBook).
     
     

       
C:
       
Used to open C drive.
     
     

       
control
       
Used to open control panel.
     
     

       
explorer
       
Used to open Windows Explorer.
     
     

       
osk
       
Used to open On screen Keyboard.
     
     

       
calc
       
Used to open Calculator.
     
 
     

       
shutdown -s -t 30
       
Used to shutdown your PC in 30 Sec.
     
 
     

       
shutdown -r -t 30
       
Restart in 30 Sec
     
 
     

       
shutdown -a
       
Used to Abort Shutdown
     
     

       
Appwiz.cpl
       
Used to open Program & features where you can manage installed program.
     
 
     

       
devmgmt.msc
       
Used to open device manager where you can check and manage installed devices.
     
     

       
compmgmt.msc
       
Used to open computer management where you can manage you PC.
     
 
     

       
lusrmgr.msc
       
Used to open Local Users & Groups where you can manage local user and groups.
     
 
     

       
dsa.msc
       
Used to manage domain user. It will support on Server.
     
 
     

       
secpol.msc
       
Used to open local security policy.
     
 
     

       
mstsc
       
Used to open remote desktop.
     
 
     

       
msinfo32
       
Used to open system information where you can check you PC summary.
     
 
     

       
msconfig
       
Used to open system configuration utility.
     
     

       
sfc
       
Used for System File Checker Utility (Scan/Purge).
     
 
     

       
dhcpmgmt.msc
       
Used to open DHCP (Dynamic host configuration protocol).
     
     

       
dnsmgmt.msc
       
Used to open DNS (Domain name system).
     
 
     

       
services.msc
       
Used to open services, where you can check the status of the services.
     
 
     

       
ncpa.cpl
       
Used to open Network Connection.
     
 
     

       
diskmgmt.msc
       
Used to open Disk management.
     
     

       
dxDiag
       
Used to open DirectX Diagnostic Tool. 
     
     

       
cleanmgr
       
Used to open disk clean-up
     
     

       
mmc
       
To open Microsoft Management console on server-2000 or successor.
     
     

       
Sigverif
       
To open file signature verification
     
     

       
diskpart
       
To open disk partitioning utility
     
     

       
sysdm.cpl
       
To open system properties
     
     
     

       
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More on this to be updated soon Inn Sha Allah.....

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General full form list

Are you finding the computer general knowledge questions for competitive exams? Here I am sharing computer general knowledge quiz questions and answers covering important topics in computer awareness, which is common for all the competitive exams.

These are the selective and important questions of the computer. You can increase your knowledge by learning these computer questions which help you while solving computer questions in SSC, Bank exams and many other competitive exams.

Learning Zone About us

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Full Form List |welcome2protec

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There are several words used in the short form and it is essential to know the full forms of those words. In all fields, including Science, Computer, education and many other fields.

1. PAN - Permanent Account Number (PAN), is a computer-based electronic system that assigns a unique 10 digit alphanumeric number being issued by the income tax department, India's government to various entities, and to identify a number of taxpayers in India.

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2. PDF - PDF stands for "portable document format". Essentially, the format is used when you need to save files that cannot be modified but still need to be easily shared and printed. Today almost everyone has a version of Adobe Reader or other program on their computer that can read a PDF file.

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3. ATM - Automated teller machine. An automated teller machine (ATM) is an electronic banking outlet that allows customers to complete basic transactions without the aid of a branch representative or teller. ... ATMs are known in different parts of the world as automated bank machines (ABM) or cash machines.

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4. SIM - A subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module (SIM), widely known as a SIM card, is an integrated circuit running a card operating system (COS) that is intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscriber on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile and computers). It is also possible to store contact information.

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5. IFSC - Indian Financial System Code. Indian Financial System Code (IFSC) is an eleven-character alphanumeric code that helps in transferring funds online. The code is assigned by the Reserve Bank of India. Any transfer system that's regulated by the RBI will require the use of an IFSC code.

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6. NEFT - National Electronic Funds Transfer. The full form of NEFT is National Electronic Fund Transfer, and it is an online system for transferring funds from one account in one bank to another account in another bank.

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7. MICR - Magnetic Ink Character Recognition technology. MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) is a technology used to verify the legitimacy or originality of paper documents, especially checks. Special ink, which is sensitive to magnetic fields, is used in the printing of certain characters on the original documents.

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8. RTGS - Real Time Gross Settlement. Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) is one of the processes that settle payments to the recipient on an instant basis without having to wait for some time for the settlement to happen. RTGS services are irrevocable once the settlements are done.

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9. FSSAI - Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. FSSAI has been created for laying down science based standards for articles of food and to regulate their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption.

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10. FSAI - Fire Safety Association of India. FIRE & SECURITY ASSOCIATION OF INDIA (FSAI) is a non-profit organization established in 2002 representing the Fire Protection, Life Safety, Security, Building Automation, Loss Prevention and Risk Management domains.

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11. WiFi - Wireless Fidelity. Wi-Fi allows local area networks (LANs) to operate without cables and wiring, making it a popular choice for home and business networks. Wi-Fi can also be used to provide wireless broadband Internet access for many modern devices, such as laptops, smartphones, tablet computers, and electronic gaming consoles.

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12. GOOGLE - Global Organization of Oriented Group Language of Earth. GOOGLE: Global Organization of Oriented Group Language of Earth. Officially Google has not a full form. It is generated from a word "googol" which means a huge number. The word "googol" represents a number that is 1 followed by 100 zeros.

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13. Yahoo - Yet Another Hierarchically Organized Oracle. Yahoo is an American multination technology company. It provides a wide range of services like Web portal, search engine Yahoo! Search, including Yahoo! Directory, Yahoo! Mail, Yahoo! News, Yahoo!

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14. Windows - Wide Interactive Network Development for Office Work Solution. Windows is a graphical operating system developed by Microsoft. It allows users to view and store files, run the software, play games, watch videos, and provides a way to connect to the internet. It was released for both home computing and professional works. Microsoft introduced the first version as 1.0.

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15. Laptop - Lightweight Analytical Platform Total Optimized Power. A laptop, laptop computer, or notebook computer is a small, portable personal computer (PC) with a screen and alphanumeric keyboard. Laptops are folded shut for transportation, and thus are suitable for mobile use. Its name comes from lap, as it was deemed practical to be placed on a person's lap when being used.

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16. Computer - Common Operating Machine Purposely used for Technological and Educational research (COMPUTER). A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data and gives a meaningful information as an output on the monitor screen. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may already know that you can use a computer to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web.

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17. VIRUS - Vital Information Resources Under Seize. A computer virus is a computer program or a piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and run against your consent. They insert themselves into host programs and spread on the execution of infected programs.

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18. UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunications System. It is a third-generation (3G) broadband, packet-based transmission of text, digitized voice, video, and multimedia at data rates up to 2 megabits per second (Mbps).

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19. AMOLED - Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode. AMOLED and Super AMOLED are display technologies used in cellphone, smartwatch, laptop, television.

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20. OLED - Organic Light-Emitting Diode. A technology that uses LEDs in which the light is produced by organic molecules.. An OLED display have the following advantages over an LCD display: Improved image quality - better contrast, higher brightness, fuller viewing angle, a wider color range and much faster refresh rates. Lower power consumption. Simpler design that enables ultra-thin, flexible, foldable and transparent displays.

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21. IMEI - The International Mobile Equipment Identity---or IMEI---is a unique numerical identifier for every mobile device. This number helps to differentiate each device from one another. The IMEI number of any phone indicates the phone's current location. ... If a person's phone is lost or stolen, then that phone's location can also be traced through the phone's IMEI number. If someone does not know the IMEI number of his mobile phone then he has to dial * # 06 # from his phone to know the same.

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22. ESN - Equipment Serial Number. uniquely identifies equipment and is embedded electronically by the manufacturer. MEID: Mobile Equipment Identifier; similar to an ESN; it is a globally unique number for a piece of mobile equipment.

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23. UPS - The full form of UPS is Uninterruptible Power Supply. UPS is a type of power supply system with an integrated battery and in the absence of primary mode or when power is shut down, the battery is used for the power source.

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24. HDMI - HDMI stands for High Definition Multimedia Interface and is the most frequently used HD signal for transferring both high definition audio and video over a single cable.

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25. VPN - VPN stands for "Virtual Private Network" and describes the opportunity to establish a protected network connection when using public networks. VPNs encrypt your internet traffic and disguise your online identity. It is useful for corporate traffic over the Internet.

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26. APN - Access Point Name. The Access Point Name (APN) is the name for the settings your phone reads to set up a connection to the gateway between your carrier's cellular network and the public Internet. An APN has the network settings your phone needs to connect to your provider.

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27. LED - LED stands for light emitting diode. LED lighting products produce light up to 90% more efficiently than incandescent light bulbs. In the simplest terms, a light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current is passed through it. Light is produced when the particles that carry the current (known as electrons and holes) combine together within the semiconductor material.

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28. LCD - Stands for "Liquid Crystal Display." LCD is a flat panel display technology commonly used in TVs and computer monitors. It is also used in screens for mobile devices, such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

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29. RAM - RAM, which stands for random access memory, It is a volatile memory that temporarily stores the files you are working on. It keeps data in the memory as long as power is supplied to the system.

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30. ROM - ROM, which stands for read-only memory, It is a non-volatile memory that permanently stores instructions for your computer. It is a type of electronic storage that comes built in to a device during manufacturing. You'll find ROM chips in computers and many other types of electronic products; VCRs, game consoles, and car radios all use ROM to complete their functions smoothly.

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31. VGA - The Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a standard connector used for computer video to transfer video signals as an output on the monitor screen.

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32. QVGA - Quarter Video Graphics Array. Quarter VGA, or QVGA, refers to screens that have a 320x240 resolution. The name comes from the fact that the resolution is a quarter times smaller than the maximum resolution provided by the Video Graphics Array (VGA) display standard. QVGA is very popular among handheld gaming devices and mobile phones.

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33. WVGA - Wide Video Graphics Array. It refers to Wide Video Graphics Array and as the name indicates it is much wider than that of VGA with height being the same as that of VGA. It has a resolution of 800 x 480 pixels and requires cropping of image in widescreen video to display it perfectly.

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34. WXGA - WideScreen Extended Graphics Array. WXGA is the widescreen version of XGA — delivering the same vertical resolution but providing 20% more horizontal resolution. This has become a common resolution for notebook computers and smartphone.

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35. USB - Universla serial BUS. USB is an industry standard, 'user-friendly' method of transferring data between a host device (such as a computer) and a peripheral device (for example, a mouse). To most computer users, the system simply allows the use of various devices by attaching them via a USB port.

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36. VRAM: - VRAM (video RAM) refers to any type of random access memory (RAM) specifically used to store image data for a computer display.

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37. DLNA - Digital Living Network Alliance.

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38. GST: - The goods and services tax (GST) is a value-added tax levied on most goods and services sold for domestic consumption.

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39. IFSC: - Indian Financial System Code (IFSC) is an eleven-character alphanumeric code that helps in transferring funds online. Every bank branch operating in the country is identified by its own unique IFSC code. The first four characters are alphabets and tell the name of the bank. They remain the same for every bank branch and the last 6 digits will represent a specific branch code. For example, the IFSC code of the SBI branch at 23, Himalaya House, Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delhi 110001, is SBIN0005943. Here, 005943 is the branch code.

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40. CNF (Confirmed): - CNF stands for “Confirmed”. CNF means Your ticket is confirmed & you definitely have a berth allotted to you (no sharing with anyone else, unlike in RAC). The coach/berth details will be available to you once the chart is prepared, which happens 3 hours prior to the scheduled departure of your train. So relax until then. Check the PNR status of your ticket on the date of journey 3 hours prior to train departure time & you will get coach/berth details. Also, these days Indian railways sends SMS on your mobile number that was provided while booking the ticket (atleast for eticket bookings online). The SMS is auto-triggered as soon as chart is prepared.

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41. RAC: - RAC means “Reservation Against Cancellation”. It means you can travel in train with RAC ticket status. It means you have to share your berth (seat) with some other person.Simply half of the seat is yours and half is of someone else.

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42. PNR: - PNR stands for “passenger name record” and it tells you your current status on the WL (waitlist) or RAC (reservation against cancellation queue). If you buy a WL ticket or an RAC ticket, you will be assigned a unique 10-digit PNR number.
    

    Types of PNR status:

    1)CAN : Cancelled

    2)CNF : Confirm Seat

    3)WL : Waiting List

    4)RAC : Reservation Against Cancellation

    5)RLWL : Remote Location Waitlist

    6)SL : Sleeper Class

    7)PQWL : Pooled Quota Waitlist

    8)DF : Defence Quota

    9)RSWL : Road-Side Waitlist

    10)REL : Released

    11)NR : Noroom

    12)NOSB : No Seat Berth

    13)GNWL : General Waitlist

    14)TQWL : Tatkal Waitlist

    15)SS : Travelling Alone Female Quota (above 45 Year) / Senior Citizen Quota

    16)LD : Ladies Quota

    17)HP : Physically Handicapped Quota

    18)WEBCAN : Railway Counter Ticket: Passenger has been cancelled over internet and refund has not been collected.

    19)WEBCANRF : Railway Counter Ticket: Passenger has been cancelled over internet and refund has been collected.

    20)--- ----.

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And many more to be updated soon...

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